Breeding Methods in Self Pollinated Crops

Self Pollinated Crops

These are the crops which do not required a foreign pollen on their stigma and they can reproduce from a single plant. Self Pollinated Crops are those in which stigma and pollen are present on same flower and they can perform pollination with same flower pollen and stigma.

these self pollinated crops include many species for example

• Wheat
• Rice
• Sorghum
• Chickpea
• Oat

Breeding Methods in Self Pollinated Crops

Breeding methods in self pollinated crops are different from Cross pollinated crops because of their flowering structure. In Cross pollination male and female flowers are separate from each others so breeding for hybrid production is easy. We can simply cover the female part for example in Maize, we can simply cover the female to avoid self pollination.

The main concern of a plant breeders is to develop new and improved varieties for farmers to get more yield along with good quality.

Some of the major methods of breeding in self pollinated crops are:

1) Introduction and Acclimatization:

In this method new varieties from foreign places are introduced in a new environment and there growing condition is tested in different stages. it is done to see that whether a new variety can be produced from these foreign cultivars and also how they perform in new environment. 

those varieties which are acclimatized to a new environment are used to introduce new traits. 

2) Selection: 

Selection is a process of selecting superior plants from a population. it can be done by using two different methods.

a) Pure Selection 

b) Mass selection

3) Hybridization: 

Hybridization is a process in which a cross between two different self pollinated crops occurs and new traits are introduced. there are many methods for Hybridization in Self Pollinated Crops

• Pedigree method 
• Bulk population method.
• Back cross method 
• Multiple crossing.

Some Other Method includes for breeding in self pollinated crops: 

a) Multi line varieties 

b) Single seed descent method 

c) Hybrids 

d) Population approach

5) Mutation Breeding:

6) Polyploidy Breeding:

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